Every rule the plots and drills lean on. One board, no guessing.
| Signed addition | Same signs: add the sizes and keep the sign. Different signs: subtract the sizes and take the bigger number’s sign. |
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| Signed subtraction | Subtracting is adding the opposite. Flip the second number’s sign and add. |
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| Sign of a product | Same signs make positive, different signs make negative. Division follows the same rule. |
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| Order of operations | Grouping first, then powers, then multiply and divide left to right, then add and subtract left to right. |
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| Exponents | An exponent counts repeated multiplication: 23 = 2 · 2 · 2. |
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| Distributive property | a(b + c) = ab + ac. The outside number visits everyone inside. |
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| Like terms | Same letter part: add the number parts. 3x + 5x = 8x. |
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| One-step equations | Undo what was done to the letter with the opposite operation, on both sides. |
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| Two-step equations | Undo the add or subtract first, then undo the multiply or divide. |
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| Ratio | A comparison by division. Order matters: 3 to 2 is not 2 to 3. |
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| Proportion | Two equal ratios. The cross products always match. |
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| Percent | Percent means per hundred. Move two places to trade with a decimal. |
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| Perimeter and area | Perimeter walks the rim and adds every side. A rectangle’s area is length · width. |
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| Coordinate plane | Over first, then up: the ordered pair (x, y). |
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